LM2936-5.0
Ultra-Low Quiescent Current 5V Regulator
General Description
The LM2936 ultra-low quiescent current regulator features
low dropout voltage and low current in the standby mode.
With less than 15 A quiescent current at a 100 A load, the
LM2936 is ideally suited for automotive and other battery op-
erated systems. The LM2936 retains all of the features that
are common to low dropout regulators including a low drop-
out PNP pass device, short circuit protection, reverse battery
protection, and thermal shutdown. The LM2936 has a 40V
maximum operating voltage limit, a -40C to +125C operat-
ing temperature range, and
3% output voltage tolerance
over the entire output current, input voltage, and tempera-
ture range. The LM2936 is available in a TO-92 package, a
SO-8 surface mount package, and a TO-252 surface mount
power package.
Features
n
Ultra low quiescent current (I
Q
15 A for I
O
100 A)
n
Fixed 5V, 50 mA output
n
Output tolerance
3% over line, load, and temperature
n
Dropout voltage typically 200 mV
@
I
O
= 50 mA
n
Reverse battery protection
n
-50V reverse transient protection
n
Internal short circuit current limit
n
Internal thermal shutdown protection
n
40V operating voltage limit
Typical Application
Connection Diagrams
DS009759-1
* Required if regulator is located more than 2" from power supply filter capacitor.
*
*
Required for stability. Must be rated for 10 F minimum over intended operating temperature range. Effective series resistance (ESR) is critical, see
curve. Locate capacitor as close as possible to the regulator output and ground pins. Capacitance may be increased without bound.
TO-252
DS009759-25
Top View
Order Number LM2936DT-5.0
See NS Package Number TD03B
SOT-223
DS009759-26
Top View
Order Number LM2936MP-5.0
See NS Package Number MA04A
February 2000
LM2936-5.0
Ultra-Low
Quiescent
Current
5V
Regulator
2000 National Semiconductor Corporation
DS009759
www.national.com
Connection Diagrams
(Continued)
8-Pin SO (M)
DS009759-6
Top View
Order Number LM2936M-5.0
See NS Package Number M08A
TO-92
DS009759-2
Bottom View
Order Number LM2936Z-5.0
See NS Package Number Z03A
LM2936-5.0
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2
Absolute Maximum Ratings
(Note 1)
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,
please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/
Distributors for availability and specifications.
Input Voltage (Survival)
+60V, -50V
ESD Susceptibility (Note 2)
2000V
Power Dissipation (Note 3)
Internally limited
Junction Temperature (T
Jmax
)
150C
Storage Temperature Range
-65C to +150C
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10
sec.)
260C
Operating Ratings
Operating Temperature Range
-40C to +125C
Maximum Input Voltage (Operational)
40V
TO-92 (Z03A)
JA
195C/W
SO-8 (M08A)
JA
140C/W
SO-8 (M08A)
JC
45C/W
TO-252 (TD03B)
JA
136C/W
TO-252 (TD03B)
JC
6C/W
SOT-223 (MA04A)
JA
149C/W
SOT-223 (MA04A)
JC
36C/W
Electrical Characteristics
V
IN
= 14V, I
O
= 10 mA, T
J
= 25C, unless otherwise specified. Boldface limits apply over entire operating temperature range
Typical
Tested
Parameter
Conditions
(Note 4)
Limit
Units
(Note 5)
Output Voltage
5.5V
V
IN
26V,
4.85
V
min
I
O
50 mA (Note 6)
5
V
5.15
V
max
Quiescent Current
I
O
= 100 A, 8V
V
IN
24V
9
15
A
max
I
O
= 10 mA, 8V
V
IN
24V
0.20
0.50
mA
max
I
O
= 50 mA, 8V
V
IN
24V
1.5
2.5
mA
max
Line Regulation
9V
V
IN
16V
5
10
mV
max
6V
V
IN
40V, I
O
= 1 mA
10
30
Load Regulation
100 A
I
O
5 mA
10
30
mV
max
5 mA
I
O
50 mA
10
30
Dropout Voltage
I
O
= 100 A
0.05
0.10
V
max
I
O
= 50 mA
0.20
0.40
V
max
Short Circuit Current
V
O
= 0V
120
65
mA
min
250
mA
max
Output Impedance
I
O
= 30 mAdc and 10 mArms,
450
m
f
= 1000 Hz
Output Noise Voltage
10 Hz100 kHz
500
V
rms
Long Term Stability
20
mV/1000 Hr
Ripple Rejection
V
ripple
= 1 V
rms
,
fripple
= 120 Hz
60
40
dB
min
Reverse Polarity
R
L
= 500
, V
O
-0.3V
-15
V
min
DC Input Voltage
Reverse Polarity
R
L
= 500
, T = 1 ms
-80
-50
V
min
Transient Input Voltage
Output Leakage with
V
IN
= -15V, R
L
= 500
-0.1
-600
A
max
Reverse Polarity Input
Maximum Line Transient
R
L
= 500
, V
O
5.5V, T = 40 ms
60
V
min
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. DC and AC electrical specifications do not apply when operating
the device beyond its specified operating ratings.
Note 2: Human body model, 100 pF discharge through a 1.5 k
resistor.
Note 3: The maximum power dissipation is a function of T
Jmax
,
JA
, and T
A
. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperature is
P
D
= (T
Jmax
- T
A
)/
JA
. If this dissipation is exceeded, the die temperature will rise above 150C and the LM2936 will go into thermal shutdown.
Note 4: Typicals are at 25C (unless otherwise specified) and represent the most likely parametric norm.
Note 5: Tested limits are guaranteed to National's AOQL (Average Outgoing Quality Level) and 100% tested.
Note 6: To ensure constant junction temperature, pulse testing is used.
LM2936-5.0
www.national.com
3
Typical Performance Characteristics
Maximum Power
Dissipation (TO-92)
DS009759-7
Dropout Voltage
DS009759-8
Dropout Voltage
DS009759-9
Quiescent Current
DS009759-10
Quiescent Current
DS009759-11
Quiescent Current
DS009759-12
Quiescent Current
DS009759-13
Quiescent Current
DS009759-14
Output Capacitor ESR
DS009759-15
Peak Output Current
DS009759-16
Peak Output Current
DS009759-17
Current Limit
DS009759-18
LM2936-5.0
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4
Typical Performance Characteristics
(Continued)
Applications Information
Unlike other PNP low dropout regulators, the LM2936 re-
mains fully operational to 40V. Owing to power dissipation
characteristics of the available packages, full output current
cannot be guaranteed for all combinations of ambient tem-
perature and input voltage. As an example, consider an
LM2936Z operating at 25C ambient. Using the formula for
maximum allowable power dissipation given in (Note 3) , we
find that P
Dmax
= 641 mW at 25C. Including the small con-
tribution of the quiescent current to total power dissipation
the maximum input voltage (while still delivering 50 mA out-
put current) is 17.3V. The LM2936Z will go into thermal shut-
down if it attempts to deliver full output current with an input
voltage of more than 17.3V. Similarly, at 40V input and 25C
ambient the LM2936Z can deliver 18 mA maximum.
Under conditions of higher ambient temperatures, the volt-
age and current calculated in the previous examples will
drop. For instance, at the maximum ambient of 125C the
LM2936Z can only dissipate 128 mW, limiting the input volt-
age to 7.34V for a 50 mA load, or 3.5 mA output current for
a 40V input.
The junction to ambient thermal resistance
JA
rating has
two distinct components: the junction to case thermal resis-
tance rating
JC
; and the case to ambient thermal resistance
rating
CA
. The relationship is defined as:
JA
=
JC
+
CA
.
For the SO-8 and TO-252 surface mount packages the
JA
rating can be improved by using the copper mounting pads
on the printed circuit board as a thermal conductive path to
extract heat from the package.
On the SO-8 package the four ground pins are thermally
connected to the backside of the die. Adding approximately
0.04 square inches of 2 oz. copper pad area to these four
pins will improve the
JA
rating to approximately 110C/W. If
this extra pad are is placed directly beneath the package
there should not be any impact on board density.
On the TO-252 package the ground tab is thermally con-
nected to the backside of the die. Adding 1 square inch of 2
oz. copper pad area directly under the ground tab will im-
prove the
JA
rating to approximately 50C/W.
While the LM2936 has an internally set thermal shutdown
point of typically 150C, this is intended as a safety feature
only. Continuous operation near the thermal shutdown tem-
perature should be avoided as it may have a negative affect
on the life of the device.
While the LM2936 maintains regulation to 60V, it will not
withstand a short circuit above 40V because of safe operat-
ing area limitations in the internal PNP pass device. Above
60V the LM2936 will break down with catastrophic effects on
the regulator and possibly the load as well. Do not use this
device in a design where the input operating voltage may ex-
ceed 40V, or where transients are likely to exceed 60V.
Line Transient Response
DS009759-19
Output at
Voltage Extremes
DS009759-20
Ripple Rejection
DS009759-21
Load Transient Response
DS009759-22
Low Voltage Behavior
DS009759-23
Output Impedance
DS009759-24
LM2936-5.0
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5
Equivalent Schematic Diagram
DS009759-5
LM2936-5.0
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6
Physical Dimensions
inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted
8-Lead Small Outline Molded Package (M)
NS Package Number M08A
TO-252 Package (DT)
NS Package Number TD03B
LM2936-5.0
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7
Physical Dimensions
inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)
3-Lead TO-92 Plastic Package (Z)
NS Package Number Z03A
SOT-223 Package (MP)
NS Package Number MA04A
LM2936-5.0
www.national.com
8
Notes
LIFE SUPPORT POLICY
NATIONAL'S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT
DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL
COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein:
1. Life support devices or systems are devices or
systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant
into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and
whose failure to perform when properly used in
accordance with instructions for use provided in the
labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a
significant injury to the user.
2. A critical component is any component of a life
support device or system whose failure to perform
can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of
the life support device or system, or to affect its
safety or effectiveness.
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www.national.com
LM2936-5.0
Ultra-Low
Quiescent
Current
5V
Regulator
National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.
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